Darfur Peace and Accountability Act

After swapping some language and dropping an amendment, the Senate (and House) passed the Darfur Peace and Accountability Act (HR3127) this week. The bill was originally passed by the House in April but stalled in the Senate when the dropped, which would have protected States from lawsuits if they divested from companies who do business with Sudan, became a sticking point.

The National Foreign Trade Council, a business organization with more than 300 member companies, lobbied against the provision because it has recently sued the state of Illinois, charging that Illinois’ divestment law is unconstitutional. The trade group’s president, William Reinsch, said the provision would have interfered with the organization’s case against Illinois, although he also said the group would have opposed divestment in the absence of an existing court battle.

“The president of the United States gets to deal with foreign policy, and the governor of Illinois does not,” said Reinsch, who worked with congressional and executive authorities to have the provision stripped from the bill.

How a state or individual’s right to divest from a particular company falls under the umbrella of “foreign policy” is murky at best, and at least one Congresswoman is determined to patch the gap. Rep. Barbara Lee (Oakland) stated that the debate concerning the bills interference in pending court cases was a smokescreen.

“Concern about the constitutionality of state divestment campaigns is just a smokescreen to cover for efforts by the financial services industry to quietly kill a divestment movement it sees as an inconvenience,” said Lee, who introduced new legislation late last week to make another attempt at providing divestment protection for states.

The bill in question is H.R. 6140 (Darfur Accountability and Divestment Act of 2006). Whether of not this bill makes it out of the House, the Darfur Peace and Accountability Act is a long-awaited first step in confronting the ongoing genocide in the Republic of Sudan.

Toothless resolution

The United Nations has passed a resolution to send peacekeeping troops — amounting to 20,500 men — to the devastated Darfur region of western Sudan. Twelve Security Council members voted in favor of the resolution, while China, Russia and Qatar abstained from the vote, and Sudan boycotted the session entirely.

Even though activists and human rights groups have been pleading with the United Nations or NATO to intervene in the on-going violence, there is little cause to celebrate this resolution, as it requires the cooperation of the Sudan government. Khartoum has continuously resisted outside efforts of intervention.

Meanwhile, the situation on the ground continues to deteriorate as the African Union is reporting that they have insufficient funds to pay the 7,000 troops currently in place. As they attempt to patrol an area roughly the size of France, rebel groups continue to kill aid workers as the violence begins to encroach on Chad and the Central African Republic.

As Kingsley Amaning, the UN representative in Chad stated:

[The Darfur conflict] is creating armed groups that are destabilising entire populations in the east, and now it is moving towards the south, towards Central Africa.

[Ongoing attacks] may continue to weaken government institutions and apparatus and certainly make the life of ordinary citizens almost impossible, creating vulnerability all round.

With the restrictions placed on the United Nations resolution, it’s doubtful that any progress will be seen in the near future.

Sudan rejects UN, violence continues

Not surprisingly, the Sudanese government has rejected the latest UN proposal for peacekeeping forces. Representatives issued a harsh warning to the sponsors of this resolution — the United States and Britain — asserting that it was an attempt at re-colonization.

“The draft resolution is worse than previous ones as it is an attempt to impose complete tutelage on the Sudan,” National Congress Party chairperson Ghazi Salah Eldin Atabani was quoted as saying after a meeting on Wednesday.

“Any state that sponsors this draft resolution will be regarded as assuming a hostile attitude against the Sudan,” said the official, describing the draft as “unacceptable and not negotiable under any sort of pressure”.

Meanwhile, the International Rescue Committee (IRC) has warned that 200 of the refugees living in camps have been raped in the last five weeks.

In Kalma – Darfur’s biggest camp for internally displaced people – there used to be two to three reports of sexual violence a month, the IRC says.

But in the past five weeks, the figures has spiralled to 200 women and young girls, some as young as 13.

It is yet further evidence, relief workers say, that security is worsening in one of the most troubled regions of the world.

There has also been an escalation of attacks against humanitarian aid workers, some of whom have had to cease operations.

At the beginning of August, it was reported that at least seven humanitarian workers had been slain in the region after the African Union peacekeeping force was reduced because of a lack of funding. The Sudanese government continues to say that all of these reports of violence are old, and that there’s no longer bloodshed happening in Darfur.

Edwards’ Darfur petition

John Edwards’ One America Committee has started their own petition to urge the Bush Administration to take action for Darfur. Even though this is not unlike so many other petitions circulating out there, John Edwards probably has a bit more “Washington clout” than most of us.

This, of course, is rather serendipitous coming just three days after I commented — I’d be surprised to find a candidate speaking out against our lack of intervention in past genocides or calling for new initiatives in handling these egregious acts of violence… It’s always good to see someone in politics paying attention.